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By the 1870s, Toronto's economy and population were booming and the first 1858 Union Station was no longer adequate. The Grand Trunk built a new station on the same site that opened on July 1, 1873. At the time it was the largest and most opulent railway station in Canada and was designed in the Italianate/2nd Empire style by architect Thomas Seaton Scott, who later designed Grand Trunk's Bonaventure Station in Montreal.
The main entrance and façade faced the harbour rather than the city, underscoring the continued importance of boat travel on Lake Ontario. As the Grand Trunk absorbed several smaller railways serving Toronto, passenger trains were increasingly consolidated at Union Station. The arrival of the Canadian Pacific Railway in 1884 soon strained the facility beyond its limits, with its 3-track trainshed handling over sixty trains a day. In 1892, the railways agreed to expand the station through an extensive rebuilding program. A new three-track train shed was built on the south side of the 1873 station. The most distinctive feature of the redevelopment was a new 7-story office building on Front Street. This was designed in the Romanesque style by the Toronto architectural firm of Strickland & Symons. An arcade over Station Street connected the new and old sections of the station. The renovated station officially opened to the public on January 1, 1896, although it had remained in constant use throughout the rebuilding. The renovated station was a sprawling complex that never worked very well, either from an architectural or engineering point of view. An 1899 issue of Railway and Shipping World stated that "the general consensus of opinion is that the Toronto Union is one of the most inconvenient stations in (North) America, expensive to run and unsatisfactory in very many other respects." By the turn of the 20th century, Torontonians were once again demanding a better Union Station. The Great Toronto Fire of 1904 swept through the city's warehouse and manufacturing district, including the block immediately east of the old station. It was decided to build a new Union Station on this site in 1905 but the railways and the city couldn't agree on the design of the facility nor could they agree on how the tracks should be brought into the station. Meanwhile the old Union Station continued to serve the people of Toronto, to no one's satisfaction. By 1911, there were about 150 trains and 40,000 people a day using the outmoded station. Construction on the new station began in 1915 but was delayed by a wartime shortage of construction workers, financing and building materials as well as the impending insolvency of the Canadian Northern and Grand Trunk Railways. The new Union Station building was completed in 1920, but didn't open to the public for another several years while the railways and the city continued to argue over the approach tracks. Finally, on August 10, 1927, all trains were shifted to Toronto's new Union Station and the dismantling of the old station began, a process that took almost a year. The 1895 office building on Front Street survived until 1931 when it too was demolished. The site of the old Union Station is now occupied by the SkyWalk between York and Simcoe Streets that leads from the present Union Station to the CN Tower and the Rogers Centre (aka Skydome). Written by Derek Boles, TRHA Historian, who retains copyright on the content. These pages are not to be reproduced without written permission. |
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